The aim of this investigation is dealing with determination of pollen micro- and macro-morphological characters of Egyptian taxa of subclass Archichlamydeae to provide palynological information and an identification key adapted for use with archeobotanical materials. The pollen of 41 Egyptian taxa belongs to 18 families representing the current vegetation of Faiyum area described and illustrated with both LM and SEM micrographs. On the basis of pollen units, number and type of apertures, exine patterns were great diagnostic significance among the examined taxa. Seven major pollen types and 18 subtypes included in two groups (complex and single pollen groups) were recognized. Pollen types: Polyads, triporate, tetra- hexaporate and pantobrevicolpate are characterized to Mimosoideae, Urticaceae, Fumariaceae and Portulacaceae respectively; while pantoporate, tricolpate and tricolporate pollen types show highly diversity in pollen characters, comprising 16 pollen subtypes distributed among 14 families. A description, illustriation in the form of scanning electron micrographs and a key for identification of the different taxa is provided.
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